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03
Social Cognition: Thinking About the Social World
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Adapted by Rajiv Jhangiani, Capilano University
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1
_________ are automatically created cognitive frameworks that help guide the way we think about and understand the world around us.
Lenses
Primes
Filters
Schemas
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2
The tendency for a schema to remain intact even when it comes up against discrediting information is known as ________.
the confirmation bias
the perseverance effect
the hindsight bias
the false consensus effect
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3
Dr. Davies thinks that all college students are irresponsible, over privileged, and ungrateful. This is an example of ________.
a stereotype
prejudice
domain generalization
a distorted cognition
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4
Juan is anxious about an upcoming speech for his public speaking class. Though he is well prepared, he imagines himself doing terribly, forgetting his words, and turning red in front of the class. When it comes time to deliver the speech, all of these things actually happen. This is an example of ________.
priming
the false consensus effect
self-handicapping
a self-fulfilling prophecy
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5
Paying more attention to sensory information that fits a given schema, while at the same time filtering out information that is inconsistent is known as ________.
prejudgment
selective filtering
priming
the confirmation bias
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6
________ is a type of mental processing that requires purposeful thought and effort for decisions or courses of action to be weighed carefully.
Effortful processing
Controlled processing
Automatic processing
Concerted cognition
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7
What area of the brain is thought to be crucial to emotional processing and memory?
limbic system
prefrontal cortex
hindbrain
cerebellum
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8
The ________ is the part of the brain that plays a role in higher order thinking, including judgment, decision making, and evaluation.
amygdala
limbic system
corpus callosum
prefrontal cortex
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9
Which of the following is NOT an example of a heuristic?
framing heuristic
accessibility heuristic
representativeness heuristic
anchoring and adjustment heuristic
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The ________ heuristic is used to estimate the likelihood of a given occurrence based on how easily one can recall an example of that occurrence.
representativeness
framing
availability
anchoring
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1
The ________ is when we use the representativeness heuristic to draw conclusions without considering how common a behaviour or characteristic is.
base rate fallacy
false consensus effect
confirmation bias
false uniqueness effect
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2
People who prefer to choose the numbers of their lottery tickets may suffer from the ________.
optimistic bias
false uniqueness effect
representativeness heuristic
illusion of control
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3
While at the grocery store, Alan decides to get the beef that reads "75% lean" over the beef that reads "25% fat." Which heuristic likely played a role in Alan's choice?
representativeness heuristic
framing heuristic
anchoring and adjustment heuristic
availability heuristic
1
4
The perception of uncontrollable events as being controllable is known as ________.
the negativity bias
the false consensus effect
the illusion of control
the biased conclusion
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5
Katherine was test driving a car she was thinking about getting and loved the entire test drive. However, at the end of the test drive, the sales associate was rude to her, and she decided not to buy the car. This is likely due to ________.
the negativity bias
the illusion of control
the framing heuristic
the false consensus effect
1
6
The belief that bad things will happen to other people and that an individual is more likely to experience good things in life is known as the ________.
hindsight bias
negativity bias
optimistic bias
false consensus effect
1
7
Though Justin is well aware of alcohol's affect on perception and judgment, he assures his friends that he can drive under the influence of alcohol. This is an example of what concept?
overconfidence barrier
counterfactual thinking
negativity bias
hindsight bias
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8
________, the tendency to imagine alternative outcomes for an event, comes into play especially when something ________ happens.
Overconfident thinking; good
Counterfactual thinking; good
Overconfident thinking; bad
Counterfactual thinking; bad
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9
When Marla is in a good mood, she finds herself thinking about all the positive things her roommate does, but when she is in a bad mood, she remembers the negative things. This is likely due to ________.
the overconfidence barrier
the mood congruence effect
counterfactual thinking
the negativity bias
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Sharon scored an A on her last psychology test, so she feels calm as she takes her final exam. This is probably due to ________.
mood dependent memory
the availability heuristic
priming
mood congruence effect
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